ISSN: 3007-1712 (Online) ISSN: 3007-1704 (Print) NIU Journal of Humanities is an interdisciplinary journal published by Nexus International University, Kampala, Uganda. As a theoretical and empirical Journal, the aim is to challenge, provoke and excite positive thinking in the areas of Arts and Social Sciences such as media studies, methodology, philosophy, political science, population Studies, psychology, public administration, sociology, social welfare, linguistics, literature, performing arts (music, theatre & dance), religious studies, visual arts, gender studies, onanthropology, communication studies, criminology, cross-cultural studies, demography, development studies, education, ethics, geography, history, industrial relations, information science, international relations, linguistics, library science and so on. The journal puts particular focus upon issues that are of concern to the Third World. NIU Journal of Humanities will only publish articles that have not been previously submitted to, or published by any journal. In addition, the journal will only publish articles that have been thoroughly assessed and adjudged to be fully or partly accepted for publication. It is the sole responsibility of the author(s) to ensure that articles submitted are new, original and have not been published fully or partly any media. Such article(s) to be submitted must not violate the copyrights of others and must not contain plagiarized contents/materials. Author(s) will be solely responsible for the violation of such ethics of academic publication. Contributions that examine developments at national, regional and continental level are particularly welcome.
Nexus International University, Kampala, Uganda.
This edition of NIU Journal of Humanities touches on Social Philosophy, Social Psychology as well as Language and Literary Studies. The first part of the Journal focuses on Social Philosophy. Using Nigeria as a case study, one of the papers in this section empirically argues that democracy and national security are intertwined, and that addressing the theoretical issues underlying these concepts is crucial for ensuring the country's stability and prosperity. It argues that a more nuanced understanding of the complex relationships between democracy, security, and development is necessary to overcome the challenges facing Nigeria and to build a more secure and democratic polity. Papers in the second section are on Social Psychology. Using Shiroro Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria as case studies, one of the papers in these sections argues theoretically and demonstrates empirically that frequent disruptions of school academic activities due to the fear of kidnapping was among factors responsible for the decline in girl-child enrollment, hence, there is urgent need to address this critical issue. It is therefore recommended that security outfits around the schools’ premises should be increased to protect girls from bandit attacks and ensure a safe environment for learning activities. One of the papers, in the last section on Language and Literary Studies, evaluates the extent to which Igbo language and sign language are accessible within key institutional domains in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study reveals that meaningful linguistic inclusion requires institutional policies that support both indigenous spoken languages and sign language. It is believed that such measures will improve communication access, social participation, and civic inclusion for marginalized linguistic communities in Lagos. This issue of NIU Journal of Humanities features many empirical and theoretical based articles which can be of great benefit to every reader.
Socioeconomic Dynamics of Migrant Remittances and Nutritional Well-Being among Rural Esan Households in Southern Nigeria
The relationship between migrant remittances and household nutritional well-being has become an important lens for understanding livelihood transformation in developing societies. Among the Esan of southern Nigeria, this nexus remains underexplored despite growing migration and dependence on external income. Existing studies often emphasize economic outcomes, neglecting how remittances reshape everyday feeding behaviour and nutrition. Despite the improvement in current research there is paucity on current study this seeks to interrogates how remittance flows influence dietary practices and nutritional security among Esan households in Edo State. Adopting a cross-sectional and an expository research design, the study employed a Triangulation of both Quantitative and qualitative approach to generate the required information through the use of questionnaire and an in-depth interview guild was complementarily utilized on 726 respondents who were systematically selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure across two clusters in Esanland. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Findings reveals that migrant remittances exert a substantial but differentiated influence on household nutritional status as well as wellbeing among Esan communities. Secondly, socio-demographic factors such as age, occupation, and social status influences household perceived utilization of remittances in enhancing dietary diversity, food quality, and affordability, based on the above, conclusion and advocacy was deduced Keywords: Nutrition, Wellbeing, Remittances, Food security.
Theoretical Issues in Nigeria's Democracy and National Security
Nigeria's democratic journey has been marked by numerous challenges, raising concerns about the efficacy of its democratic system in ensuring national security. This paper examines the theoretical issues underlying Nigeria's democracy and national security, highlighting the complexities and contradictions that have hindered the country's progress. The liberal democratic theory, which emphasizes individual rights, free markets, and good governance, has been the dominant framework guiding Nigeria's democratic experiment. However, this theory has limitations in addressing Nigeria's security challenges, particularly in the context of deep-seated ethnic and regional divisions. The securitization theory, which posits that security is a socially constructed concept, offers valuable insights into Nigeria's security landscape. The paper explores how various groups and interests have securitized issues like terrorism, kidnapping, and communal conflicts, often to the detriment of human security and democratic governance. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the impact of ethnic and regional politics, corruption, and weak institutions on Nigeria's democratic consolidation and national security. These factors have undermined the state's capacity to provide security and deliver public goods, creating an environment conducive to insecurity and instability. The paper concludes that Nigeria's democracy and national security are intertwined, and that addressing the theoretical issues underlying these concepts is crucial for ensuring the country's stability and prosperity. It argues that a more nuanced understanding of the complex relationships between democracy, security, and development is necessary to overcome the challenges facing Nigeria and to build a more secure and democratic polity. Keywords: Democracy, Liberal Theory, Securitization, Regional Politics and Corruption.
The Role of Myths in Indigenous Etche Society
In traditional Etche society, the curiosity to ascertain the abode of man and his place around his world; his nature of existence, however, form the basis of the role of myths in indigenous Etche society as a road map to the above scenario. The paper posits that myth intimates the people with the idea of the emergence of man into his very abode and the ontological relationship with the supersensible realities. The paper also contends that through myth the peoples’ curiosity about the nature of their existence and interpretation and definition of their place in their environments satisfied their inner thoughts. Data for this study were collected from two major sources (oral interviews; report of the elders and handed down tradition from the repository of custom and traditions of Etche) and secondary sources (published materials). The study also adopts descriptive approach to interpret and analyze the role of myths. Finding reveals that myth has helped the indigenous Etche to interpret the world around them. Keywords: Etche, myth, indigenous Etche society.
Contextual Analysis of Θεραπεια (Healing) of the Demon-Possessed Man in Gerasene (Luke 8:26 – 39): Implication for Christ Apostolic Church, Nigeria
Health is a factor that each and every person longs for. There are other ways of defining health. These include having a healthy body, mind, and spirit. On a similar note, a discourse about health related to the social, mental, spiritual, and bodily aspects of a person is only relevant when viewed from the perspective of Christian salvation. Jesus Christ emphasized healing during his mission to the world as a fulfillment of his command to his disciples to preach the gospel and heal the sick. For the purpose of finding out the level of compliance with Jesus' command regarding healing, the cure of the Demon-possessed Man in the Gerasene in Luke 8:26-39 was studied from the perspective of the Nigerian situation. This study employed exegesis and hermeneutic methods. A descriptive survey technique was also employed. It was found out that the healing process of the Christ Apostolic Church is compliant with the healing doctrines of Jesus Christ. It is therefore suggested that the healing process and doctrines employed by Jesus Christ as described in Luke's Gospel be followed to the letter by the leadership of the Church. Keywords: θεραπεία (Therapeia), Health, Healing Miracles, Luke 8:26-39, Salvation
Revitalizing Velvet: The Making, Unmaking, and Remaking of African Heritage in Yoruba Communities in Nigeria
Clothing is one of the basic needs of men. The Yoruba people are known with different types of indigenous types of cloth. The most popular is Aso Oke. However, with the introduction of Velvet to West Africa through Portuguese trade in the sixteenth century A.D. as revealed by Akinwumi and Adeakin (2009). The Yoruba people came in contact with Velvet fabrics, embraced it for use during both important social and traditional ceremonies such as; traditional weddings, burial of the aged, house warming and age passage among other. At a point in time according to Akinwum and Adeakin (2009) Velvet almost seize the center stage from Aso Oke the acclaimed Yoruba number one traditional wear. Five objectives were set to guide the study and Descriptive research design was adopted for the study. One hundred and fifth respondents were randomly selected from Osun, Ondo and Oyo State which was 000.882% of the total population of the study area. A well-structured and validated questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. The data collected statically analyzed using simple percentage and mean. Findings of the study reveal that, the perception of people on velvet fabric in contemporary fashion among Yoruba people is positive. The use of velvet fabric (aran) by important personality or celebrity, Model and use as aso-ebi, Velvet fabric (aran) has the capacity to make people look rich and gorgeous if it is made trendy and spiced up by the fashion designer. The study concludes that one of the surest ways to sustain the use of Velvet among the Yoruba people is ensure its use to combine its with other suitable factory-made fabrics to create trendy styles beyond local boundaries. Keywords: Revitalizes, Velvet, African Heritages, Yoruba Communities.
Revisiting Ecological Precarity in Southeastern Nigeria and the Igbo Poets’ Response
This paper examines the intersection of ecological degradation and poetic response in Southeastern Nigeria, focusing on how Igbo poets engage environmental crises through literary imagination and advocacy. Drawing on Reed’s culturally grounded ecocritical model, the study explores how selected poems articulate ecological precarity and construct an indigenous ethic of environmental sustainability. Four poems were purposively selected and subjected to close textual analysis to assess their ecological orientation and symbolic structure. The analysis demonstrates that Igbo poets move beyond aesthetic celebration of nature to critically interrogate its degradation, transforming poetry into a site of environmental consciousness and ethical reflection. Environmental decline is represented simultaneously as material devastation and moral rupture: gully erosion is metaphorically rendered as a corporeal wound upon the land; polluted rivers signify spiritual desecration; and biodiversity loss is attributed not only to ecological pressures but also to culturally mediated neglect shaped by aesthetic bias and symbolic prejudice. Through nuanced poetic devices, Igbo poets recast environmental concerns as a disruption of reciprocity between humans and the natural world. Sustainability is therefore framed not as a purely technocratic intervention but as a moral imperative grounded in indigenous cosmology. The study concludes that Igbo ecopoetry constitutes a significant indigenous contribution to environmental thought, advancing a model of sustainability rooted in relational balance, communal accountability, and ethical renewal. Igbo poets thus emerge not only as chroniclers of environmental crisis but as critical agents in shaping an environmentally conscious cultural imagination. Keywords: Ecological degradation, Environmental realities, Igbo poets, Sustainability, Southeastern Nigeria.
Self-heroification, Demystification, and Villainisation in the 1994 Rwandan Genocide Memoirs: A Study of Paul Rusesabagina’s An Ordinary Man: The True Story Behind Hotel Rwanda and Edouard Kayihura’s Inside the Hotel Rwanda: The Surprising True Story… and
This paper explores the dynamics of self-heroification, demystification, and villainization as portrayed through a counter discourse between Paul Rusesabagina’s An Ordinary Man: The True Story Behind Hotel Rwanda and Edouard Kayihura’s Inside the Hotel Rwanda: The Surprising True Story… and Why It Matters Today. “Self-heroification’’ in this paper refers to the act of presenting oneself as a hero, often through self-aggrandisement and selective narration, while “demystification” and “villainization” are understood as the deconstruction and critical reassessment of self-fashioned heroism. These interrelated concepts are examined through the theoretical lenses of New Historicism and Narratology. By analysing the narrative techniques employed in both memoirs, this paper explores how the authors, as individuals, construct/reconstruct (framing) personal accounts (memory) of the 1994 Rwandan genocide and simultaneously deconstructing each other’s narratives of the genocide. The research involves a close reading of the selected texts with particular focus on how diction, narrative structure, and authorial bias shape the construction of Rusesabagina as either a heroic savior or a self-serving controversial figure. My findings suggest that the two memoirs, while valuable historical sources, are inevitably influenced by the subjective perspectives of their authors, resulting in contrasting interpretations of the same historical event. This research emphasises the need for critical engagement with personal narratives in post-genocide literature on the 1994 Rwandan genocide and underscores the complexities of memory, trauma, and identity in reconstructing history. Ultimately, the study contributes to broader discourses on representation in African Literature and genocide studies, highlighting the vital role of perspective in shaping historical storytelling. Keywords: Memory, Demystification, Heroification, Rwanda Genocide, Villanization
Reflecting on the “No Victor, No Vanquished” Slogan of Maj. Gen. Yakubu Gowon, Within the Context of Post-Civil War Peace- Building in Nigeria
Between 1967 and 1970, the geo-political entity called Nigeria was engulfed in a bloody war in which thousands of lives were lost and properties worth millions of naira were destroyed. It was a war defined mainly by the determination of Nigerian government under Maj. Gen. Yakubu Gowon to force a reunion on the secessionist Biafra under the leadership of Maj. Gen. Odumegwu Ojukwu. While the apologists of the secessionist Biafra prefer to call the war Nigeria- Biafra war, for, to them, "there was a country", the Yakubu Gowon leadership of the Nigerian nation described it merely as Nigerian civil war which ended with "No Victor, No vanquished” slogan. However, the post-war peace building efforts which was anchored on the principle of ‘3Rs’ - Reconstruction, Rehabilitation and reconciliation left much to be desired. Relying mostly on secondary sources of data collection, this study investigates the reality or otherwise of the "No Victor, No vanquished" slogan viz-a- viz the application of the 3Rs within the context of post-war peace building efforts in Nigeria, particularly in lgboland. The paper concludes that the slogan as well as the principle of ‘3Rs' was not strictly adhered to. It is obvious that Nigerian government failed in many instances to fully implement the policy of ‘3Rs’ in the true sense of it. The study concludes that the general infrastructural deficit in Igboland, which was the major theatre of war and the failure to harness the potentials of young Igbo technologists and scientists, and converting their expertise into national development, is not only a pointer that Biafrans were treated as the vanquished of war, but also is the major cause of the nation’s underdevelopment. Keywords: Peace, Development, Reconstruction, Rehabilitation, Reconciliation, infrastructure.
An Anthropolinguistic Perspective to Ịgọ Ọjị (kola nut invocation) among the Igbo People of Nigeria
One of the outstanding features that mark Igbo culture is the kola nut. In the traditional mould, the kola nut goes through a noticeable ritual termed igo oji or the kola nut invocation before it is eaten. Research have been carried out by Igbo scholars on the kola nut custom, especially in relation to its use and typology, but inadequate attention has been paid to the invocation. Hinged on the standard form of the kola nut invocation process, the present study therefore examines the invocation process with a view to delineating the nature of the invocation, the structure of the invocation and the manner of language used in the invocation in contemporary times. Twelve male adults were interviewed for this study. The choice of only males is based on the fact that in patriarchal Igbo society, kola nut is actually the business of men and so men are the custodians and repositories of knowledge about the kola nut. The researcher equally observed the custom of igo oji in three different occasions. Information gathered from the interviewees and the observations made, formed the data for this study. Analysis of data shows that, in general, the process of igo oji is no longer strictly adhered to due to reasons of changes in religious inclination and orientation among the Igbo. Christian religion which most Igbo embraced is the major reason behind the shift in the traditional procedure for kola nut invocation. The three-pronged structure of the invocation is no longer followed, and the language of invocation has fallen from the poetic to the prosaic, with all the adverse implications to Igbo language. It is recommended that, to avoid conflict and disputations, Christians should restrict themselves to ekpere oji (prayers over kola nut) while traditionalists should continue with igo oji (kola nut invocation) Keywords: Kolanut, Ọjị Igbo, Culture, Religion, Lobes
Freirean Literacy Approach: A Functional Model to the Solution of the Problems of Unemployment and Poverty amongst Nigerian Youth
The overall goal of this study was to propose Freirean literacy approach as a functional model to the solution of the problems of unemployment and poverty amongst Nigerian youths. Unemployment is seen as a situation in which persons capable and willing to work are unable to find suitable paid employment. Youth unemployment and poverty rate is high in Nigeria and has been seen to take an increasing turn, over the years. The paper sought to propose sustainable solution to poverty and unemployment which is ravaging Nigerian youths by embarking on analytical review and report of the Freirean Literacy Approach. The paper discussed poverty and employment, consequences of unemployment and poverty, government poverty alleviation and unemployment programme, principles of Freirean functional literacy approach, Freire literacy approach and application to the solution of unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. It was concluded that, Freirean literacy approach should be tried out in Nigeria for the solution of poverty and unemployment challenges that bedevils the country for sustainable growth and development, hence, it has been tried out and was successful in some other countries. It was therefore recommended that a well-funded functional literacy and skill acquisition programme using REFLECT approach should be established by government in all communities in Nigeria. Keywords: Freirean Literacy Approach, Unemployment, Youth Unemployment, Poverty, Nigeria, Education
Non-Oil Resources Development in Nigeria: Environmental Implications and Policy Considerations
Nigeria’s historical over-dependence on crude oil has prompted a strategic pivot toward economic diversification through non-oil resources, specifically targeting agriculture, solid minerals, manufacturing, and renewable energy. While this transition promises enhanced social welfare and macroeconomic stability, it introduces significant environmental risks that require urgent academic and regulatory scrutiny. This study evaluates the complex environmental implications of developing Nigeria’s non-oil sectors, assesses the efficacy of existing regulatory frameworks such as the NESREA Act and the Petroleum Industry Act’s non-oil provisions and performs a critical comparative analysis with Rwanda’s acclaimed environmental governance model. Adopting a doctrinal research methodology, the paper utilizes secondary data from recent government reports, legal statutes, and contemporary literature to analyze environmental trends and policy effectiveness. Results indicate that while diversification potentially reduces carbon intensity in certain industrial segments, the rapid, often unregulated expansion of mining and large-scale farming triggers severe deforestation, soil degradation, and water pollution. Comparative findings reveal that Rwanda’s success is rooted in the stringent enforcement of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) and community-led conservation. In contrast, Nigeria’s progress remains hindered by institutional fragmentation and "lax" enforcement mechanisms. The study recommends transitioning from traditional waste disposal to circular waste minimization, strengthening regulatory oversight through a fully empowered NESREA, and adopting inclusive governance models that integrate local communities into resource management to ensure a sustainable economic future for the federation. Keywords: Non-Oil Resources, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Sustainable Development, Nigeria, Rwanda, Solid Minerals
Health Consequences of Coronavirus Pandemic among Frontline Health Workers in Lagos State, Nigeria
Coronavirus otherwise known as COVID-19 Pandemic rocked the entire world in the wake of the year 2020. The rate at which Frontline Health Workers in Lagos State were infected with Coronavirus Pandemic increased tremendously. This was as a result of exposure to infected cases, shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) and many others. Historical research methodology was used in this study and relied on qualitative research method of data collection from primary and secondary sources. Thirty-eight Frontline Health Workers were interviewed. The study concluded that morbidity, disability and mortality were health consequences of Coronavirus Pandemic among Frontline Health workers in Lagos State, Nigeria. Keywords: Coronavirus, Frontline Health workers Health consequences, Lagos State, Pandemic.
Experiences of African Muslims in Europe: Diaspora, Migration, and Contemporary Challenges
Different disciplines have explored the concept of diaspora from different perspectives. However, the experiences of African Muslims in Europe have not been systematically studied. Therefore, this paper examines critically the challenges facing African Muslims in Europe. In agreement with other researches, this paper notes that there are many challenges facing the African Muslims living in Europe today. Triangulation method was used to gather information for this paper, and both primary and secondary sources were used to obtain information for this article. The findings of this paper show that although there are many challenges facing the Muslims in Europe, but it also has its positive values. The paper notes that the trend of migration will continue unabated unless if Government could live up to her expectation by provision of basic amenities and state-of-the-arts facilities to the African continent, the phenomenon could be reduced. A concerted effort is therefore needed among all stake holders in the African continent for the task of promoting good leadership and followership in our continent. Keywords: Diaspora, Migration, Leadership, Culture, Religion
The Tree of Prohibition and the Theology of Limits: Genesis 2:9, 16-17 and Contemporary Eco-Ethical Responsibility
This study examines the prohibition concerning the tree in the midst of the garden in Genesis 2:9, 16-17 and how this could form a basis for a theology of limit intrinsic to creation. While eco-theological discourse has largely focused on constructive dominion in Genesis 1, this paper contends that the prohibition regarding the tree in Genesis 2 provides a foundational paradigm for understanding creaturely responsibility. Using the methodology of theological exegesis, the study engages key biblical scholars like Walter Brueggemann, Gordon J. Wenham, and Claus Westermann to examine the literary centrality of the tree, the structure of generous permission and singular prohibition, and the anthropological significance of humanity formed from the soil. Their insights illuminate how freedom in the garden is bounded by divine command. In constructive dialogue with Jürgen Moltmann and Sallie McFague, the paper argues that limit is not punitive but constitutive of creatureliness. The tree functions as a visible sign of non-absolute human access, thus grounding ecological responsibility in restraint, relationality, and reverent participation within the ordered creation. Keywords: Ecological crisis, Tree of Prohibition, Theology of Limits, Eco-Theology, Responsibility, and Creatureliness.
Gender-Based Violence in Nigeria: A Qualitative Review of Policy Responses and Social Work Intervention
Gender-based violence (GBV) is among the most significant human rights violations and a significant issue of public health in the world, as women and girls are the disproportionate victims. The persistence of GBV in Nigeria is indicative of entrenched socio-cultural beliefs, structural disparities and institutional frailty that, to date, subject women to the spectrum of abusive behaviours. This paper provides a qualitative review of policy responses and social-work interventions that address GBV in Nigeria. The analysis was based on secondary sources like policy documents and empirical research. It dwelled on four main domains, which include: (i) the forms, patterns and prevalence of GBV in Nigeria; (ii) socio-cultural and structural factors that perpetuate GBV; (iii) legal and policy frameworks that have been developed to address GBV; and (iv) social-work interventions that can be used to alleviate the impact of GBV. As shown in the review, GBV is manifested in various ways, such as physical violence, rape, female genital mutilation, economic deprivation, child marriage and emotional abuse, and it is affected by patriarchal norms, poverty, poor enforcement of law, and gender inequality. Despite the enactment of notable legislative and policy mechanisms in Nigeria, including the Violence Against Persons (Prohibition) Act, the Child Rights Act, and the National Gender Policy, implementation is still uneven due to limited resources, institutional lapses, and socio-cultural opposition. The paper also emphasizes the importance of social workers that fulfill the policy-to-survivor support gap by means of psychosocial counselling, trauma-informed care, community education, policy advocacy, and multi-agency collaboration. The paper concludes that survivor centred services, conversion of harmful socio-cultural norms by means of community participation, better enforcement of the law and institutional coordination, and economic empowerment of the women and girls in the social protection programmes are the key to preventing GBV and improving the welfare and security of women and girls in Nigeria. Keywords: Gender-Based violence, qualitative review, policy responses, social work, intervention
A Comparative Study of Science Education Students’ Academic Competence Under Benchmark Minimum Academic Standard and Core Curriculum Minimum Academic Standard Curricula in the University of Lagos, Nigeria
Curriculum reform remains a central strategy for enhancing the quality and relevance of university education, particularly in teacher education, where curriculum effectiveness has a direct impact on future classroom practice. In Nigeria, the transition from the Benchmark Minimum Academic Standards (BMAS) to the Core Curriculum Minimum Academic Standards (CCMAS) represents a shift from content-driven instruction to an outcome-based, competency-oriented framework. However, empirical evidence comparing the effects of these two curriculum frameworks on students’ academic competence remains limited. This study, therefore, conducted a comparative analysis of science education students’ academic competence under the BMAS and CCMAS curricula at the University of Lagos, Nigeria. Adopting a comparative descriptive research design with a quantitative approach, the study involved 328 undergraduate science education students, comprising 164 students trained under BMAS and 164 students trained under CCMAS. Data were collected using the Education Students’ Curriculum Experience Questionnaire, a Pedagogical Knowledge Test, and students’ academic achievement records. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), and effect size estimates were employed for data analysis. Findings revealed that students trained under CCMAS significantly outperformed their BMAS counterparts in academic engagement, learning motivation, teaching confidence, academic achievement, and pedagogical knowledge, with effect sizes ranging from moderate to large. The MANOVA results further indicated a significant multivariate effect of curriculum framework type on students’ overall academic competence. These findings suggest that the outcome-based, student-centred orientation of CCMAS more effectively promotes cognitive, affective, and professional learning outcomes than the traditional content-focused BMAS. The study concludes that CCMAS represents a substantive improvement in science teacher education and recommends sustained institutional support, lecturer capacity development, and continuous evaluation to maximise the benefits of curriculum reform in Nigerian universities. Keywords: Curriculum Reform; BMAS; CCMAS; Academic Competence; Science Education; Teacher Education; Nigeria
Impact of Banditry and Kidnapping on Girl-Child Education in Shiroro Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria
This study examined the impact of banditry and kidnapping on girl-child education in Shiroro Local Government Area of Niger State. The study was guided by two (2) research questions. The study reviewed related literature under conceptual framework, theoretical framework and empirical studies. The study adopted descriptive research design. The population of the study was three hundred and eighty-nine (389) respondents comprising teachers and pupils in primary schools in Shiroro Local Government Area of Niger State. The sample size of the study totaling two hundred and seventeen (217) was determined using Taro Yamane formula. The instrument used in this study was questionnaire titled: impact of banditry and kidnapping on girl-child education (QEBGCE). Simple percentages, frequency counts, mean and standard deviation were used in data analysis. The findings indicate that the fear of banditry and kidnapping has led to a drastic decline in girl-child enrollment in primary schools in Shiroro Local Government Area. And the impact of banditry and kidnapping on girl-child education are more pronounced in rural areas compared to urban areas, the fear of kidnapping has a greater influence on the educational aspirations of girls in rural areas than in urban areas of Shiroro Local Government Area, The study concluded that frequent disruptions of school academic activities due to the fear of kidnapping was among factors responsible for the decline in girl-child enrollment, hence, there is urgent need to address this critical issue. The study recommended the need for increased security outfit around the schools’ premises to protect girls from bandit attacks and ensure a safe environment for learning activities. Keywords: Banditry, Kidnapping, Girl-child, and education
Perceived Stress, Social Media Dependence, and Sleep Quality as Predictors of Information Resource Utilization among Undergraduate Students in Ibadan, Nigeria: The Moderating Role of Information-Seeking Behaviour
This study examined perceived stress, social media dependence, and sleep quality as predictors of information resource utilization among undergraduate students in Ibadan, Nigeria, with information-seeking behaviour as a moderating variable. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. A sample of 176 undergraduate students was selected across universities in Ibadan using a multistage sampling procedure. Data were collected using standardized instruments, including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), an adapted Information-Seeking Behaviour Scale, and an Information Resource Utilization Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, multiple regression, and hierarchical regression analysis at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that perceived stress, social media dependence, and sleep quality were significantly related to information resource utilization. The results further showed that the three independent variables jointly contributed significantly to information resource utilization, accounting for a substantial proportion of variance in the dependent variable. In terms of relative contribution, perceived stress emerged as the strongest predictor, followed by sleep quality and social media dependence. Additionally, information-seeking behaviour significantly moderated the relationship between the independent variables and information resource utilization, indicating that students with higher information-seeking competence were better able to utilize academic resources despite psychosocial challenges. The study concluded that psychological and behavioural factors play a critical role in shaping students’ use of academic information resources, and that information-seeking behaviour can buffer the negative effects of stress, social media dependence, and poor sleep quality. It was therefore recommended that universities should implement stress management programs, promote healthy digital habits, encourage good sleep practices, and strengthen information literacy training to enhance effective utilization of library resources among students. Keywords: Perceived stress, social media dependence, sleep quality, information resource utilization, information-seeking behaviour
Language Accessibility and Communication Challenges among the Igbo and Deaf Communities in Lagos
This study evaluates the extent to which Igbo language and sign language are accessible within key institutional domains in Lagos State, Nigeria. Lagos is a multilingual metropolis where speakers of several Nigerian languages interact daily; however, language access for minority language groups and deaf individuals remains inconsistent. The study investigates five domains: healthcare institutions, courts, broadcast media, religious institutions, and political spaces. Data were collected through interviews with officials in selected institutions, media reports, and participant observation. Findings indicate that both Igbo language and sign language remain underrepresented in institutional communication structures. While limited sign language interpretation exists in some television stations and churches, consistent interpretation across domains is rare. Similarly, Igbo language, though widely spoken among migrants in Lagos, is rarely formally accommodated in public services. The study concludes that meaningful linguistic inclusion requires institutional policies that support both indigenous spoken languages and sign language. Such measures will improve communication access, social participation, and civic inclusion for marginalized linguistic communities in Lagos. Keywords: Sign language, Igbo language, linguistic access, Lagos, multilingualism, deaf community
Ambiguities and Contradictions of Queer Representations in E. E. Sule's Makwala
This study examines representations of queer realities in E. E. Sules Makwala, highlighting ambiguities and contradictions in queer narratives. The paper argues that in the process of looking for a compromise in the conflict between the traditional past and the technological present in the representation of the queer experience, several ambiguities and contradictions are unearthed. The paper utilises Queer Theory and qualitative, literary analytical method, to show how the duality of sexual orientation has created contradictions as evident in Nigerian queer narratives. The analysis of the primary text, Sule’s Makwala, reveals motifs that create contradictory situations such as gender and identity, birth and death, fight and acceptance, tradition and modernity, nature and nurture. The narrator’s ambiguity in accommodating these contradictions helps to pave the way for the ironical portrayal of events and queer identities. Through the techniques of flashback, symbolism, surrealism, and foreboding, the narrator is able to capture the crisis that accompanies the ambiguities created by the conflicting bid to merge the global experience with that of the indigenous traditional and spiritual heritage in terms of sexual orientations. The paper concludes that the representation of contradictory issues surrounding queer realities and the ambiguity of the narrator in the novel is part of the process of the struggle in the choice for a better path to modernity in indigenous societies. Keywords: Queer narratives, Gender studies, Narrative ambiguities, Postcolonial studies
Rethinking French Translation Pedagogy in the Digital Age: Towards an Integrated Conceptual Framework (DIGITRANS) for Nigerian Universities
The digital transformation of higher education has profoundly reshaped pedagogical practices, particularly in the field of translation training where digital technologies now function both as professional tools and as collaborative learning environments. This article critically examines the current state of French translation pedagogy in Nigerian universities and proposes an integrated conceptual framework, the DIGITRANS model, designed to address persistent pedagogical and technological gaps. Drawing on social constructivism and theoretical frameworks of educational digital competence, the study develops a model structured around five interrelated dimensions: translational competence, digital competence, guided autonomy, collaboration, and cultural reflexivity. Through a conceptual analysis of the literature on translation pedagogy and educational technologies, the article highlights the need to move from a transmissive teaching model toward a more interactive, collaborative, and learner-centered approach. The proposed model demonstrates how the integration of Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT) tools, collaborative platforms, and authentic translation projects can enhance students’ professional readiness. In the Nigerian context, the DIGITRANS framework offers both a theoretical and pedagogical response to challenges related to limited digital infrastructure, low technological literacy, and curriculum misalignment. The article concludes that adopting this model could contribute to modernizing translation training in African universities by aligning it with international standards while promoting inclusive, critical, and technologically integrated pedagogy. Keywords: Translation pedagogy; Digital competence; Computer-assisted translation (CAT); Social constructivism; Nigerian universities
Integrating Arabic Language, Sociological Perspectives and Physical Education in Fostering Green Practices in the Maritime Industry
The significance of fostering green practices in the maritime industry lies in the need to address environmental concerns and promote sustainable development. Green practices can help reduce carbon emissions, minimize pollution, and protect marine ecosystems. To achieve this purpose, this study examines the integration of Arabic language, sociological perspectives, and physical education in fostering green practices within the maritime industry in Lagos State, Nigeria. Employing an ex-post facto research design, the study utilized a stratified random sampling technique to select 150 participants from three public tertiary institutions. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire (ALSPPEMIQ) with a reliability coefficient of 0.815. The findings reveal that specific sociolinguistic factors significantly influence decision-making and behavior related to environmental sustainability in the maritime industry. Additionally, existing physical education programs demonstrate effectiveness in promoting environmental awareness and sustainable practices among maritime professionals. The study also found a significant impact of an integrated curriculum (Arabic language, sociological perspectives, and physical education) on the environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of maritime professionals in Lagos State. These results highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in fostering green practices within the maritime industry. The study concludes that this integrated approach can help in creating a more environmentally conscious workforce and contribute to sustainable development in Lagos State, Nigeria. The Study recommends that there is need to encourage collaboration and partnerships between educational institutions, government agencies, and maritime organizations to support the implementation of green practices in the industry through the integration of language, sociological perspectives, and physical education components. Keywords: Green practices, Arabic language, Maritime industry, Sociological perspective and Physical education
“Who Says that Male Writers Misrepresent Women?” Gender Perspectives from Nzeako’s Nkoli
It is rife among feminists that male writers portray women negatively in their works. Much research has been carried out in this direction in both Literature written in English and that written in Igbo. However, much attention has not been paid to male-authored works to unravel and critique the idea of bias against women. Consequently, the present study questions the idea that in the novel Nkoli, written by a male JUT Nzeako, that female characters were negatively portrayed. This is with a view to finding out how the female characters were presented and perceived in the text. It was found that Nzeako went to great heights to present his female characters positively. Precisely, both protagonist and antagonist had good and sterling qualities in spite of their differences and conflict. Additionally, the female characters were perceived as motivators, industrious, advisers, important, as well as highlighting the value of the girl-child. The study is of the view that, at a deeper level of introspection and criticism, male writers are more interested in reflecting societal realities and therefore not biased in portraying their female characters. It is maintained that changes in the socio-cultural systems also corresponds with changes in the direction of writers, male or female. Keywords: Igbo novel, male writers, Nzeakọ, Nkọlị, gender, Patriarchy
The Influence of Globalization and Technological innovations on Painting with other Artistic Trends in Nigeria
This paper explores the current trends and influences in Nigerian painting, by groping how modern-day artists and their artistic practices could adapt to the western artistic styles and practices to build a visual language and connection with the western artists by advancing their artworks, and exploring various types of contemporary paintings that emerged in the last decade of this 21st century. Thus, it is evident that contemporary Nigeria paintings have a rich historical background that is still significantly shaping the modern expressions of Nigeria painters in terms of instinct, cognition, and creativity in their artistic practices. Moreover, this paper critically ― analyzed the key role of how these trends has brought and increased an international exposure for Nigerian artists (painters) and their artworks (paintings) through colonial influence and democratization of art distribution through technology (artificial intelligence) and digital platforms such as international exhibitions, virtual exhibitions, publications, and social media networks. Based on the articulation of this paper, it concludes that Nigerian painters can navigate and intersect their artistic tradition with modern practices — in order to stand the grounds of contributing, competing, and being approved in the stage of global art discourse. Keywords: Contemporary Nigerian Art, Painting, Globalization, Technology, Identity, Modernism.
Naming, Shaming, Presupposing and Hypothesising in Farooq Kperogi’s Selected Essays
This study critically explores the stylistic elements in the socio-political writings of Farooq Kperogi. It focuses on how his linguistic and stylistic strategies construct and convey ideological critiques of governance, corruption, and social inequality in Nigeria. Employing a qualitative research approach, the study analyses a purposively selected corpus of ten essays published between 2019 and 2024, using critical stylistics as framework to examine features such as naming, presupposition, and negation. The findings reveal that Kperogi’s writings are characterised by evocative naming and shaming strategies, ideologically loaded presuppositions, and the strategic use of negation to emphasise governance failures and expose systemic corruption. His essays consistently situate these critiques within Nigeria’s socio-political discourse, highlighting issues such as nepotism, media complicity, political corruption, government laxity, and the erosion of democratic principles. The study concludes that Kperogi’s linguistic choices are not merely descriptive but perform a critical function, shaping public discourse and challenging dominant narratives. Kperogi engages readers in a way that fosters critical reflection and advocacy for accountability. Keywords: Critical Stylistics, Socio-Political Discourse, Farooq Kperogi, Linguistic Strategies, Nigeria, Governance Critique.
Philosophy and Human Affairs: Rethinking the Public Perception of the Philosophical Profession
This paper examines the place of philosophy in human affairs through a rethink of the public perception of the discipline. In the public mind, philosophy is an abstract, abstruse and fuzzy discipline that offers little or nothing but unnecessary hair-splitting discourse detached from the practical concerns of human life. This unfortunate conception of philosophy is predicated on the theoretical characterization of its subject matter and its conceptual misrepresentation by philosophers and teachers of philosophy. This has led to the prevalent lukewarm attitude towards philosophy as a discipline that lacks practical relevance to human affairs. Against this backdrop, the paper articulates philosophy as a discipline with two fundamental outlooks: formative and utilitarian. The former sees philosophy as a discipline that builds in the individual the capacity for self-transformation and actualization while the later articulates the philosophical skills-set as the ultimate transferable skills required by employers of labour. On the basis of this, the paper demonstrates the inevitability of philosophy in the overall development of the human person as well as its place in human affairs. In addition, it outlines the skills-set of philosophical training and illustrates how it fits into corporate thinking as well as why various human endeavours are in dire need of philosophy graduates. In addition, it recommends the steps to be taken to correct the misconception about the value of philosophy in relation to the practical concerns of life. Finally, the paper calls for a rethink in the public perception of the philosophical discipline in order to maximize the abundant benefits of philosophical skill-sets for the greater good of humanity. Keywords: Philosophy, Human Affairs, Skills Set, Self-Transformation, Self-Actualization.